The Environmental Journal of Southern Appalachia

Displaying items by tag: are elk dangerous

Thursday, 18 September 2025 11:29

Smokies elk get their rut on

elkElk are native to the Southern Appalachians, but overhunting and poor management led to its extirpation by the turn of the 20th century. Elk can now be seen throughout the park, and the park service warns visitors the animals can be dangerous during the autumn rut. Bill Pattison/National Park Service

Elk flourish -- and put on a show -- in Great Smoky Mountains National park 25 years after reintroduction

Kenzie Connor is a National Park Service communications officer.

GATLINBURG —The annual elk breeding season, known as the rut, is underway in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. The rut can be exciting to witness, but it can also be dangerous, as elk are especially unpredictable during this time.  

Park visitors should exercise extra caution and respect all wildlife regulations as they visit the park this season. 

During the rut, male elk (bulls), experience heightened testosterone levels and are more likely to exhibit defensive behavior as they compete for dominance. Bulls will charge or challenge anything they perceive as a threat, including people and vehicles. Female elk (cows), remain protective of their calves, adding to the overall stress amongst elk herds.

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